Ordinarily I would say yes... but you just had hundreds of slits cut into your scalp and that, I'm sure, provides a quicker path to the dermis. Chemical burns can and do cause permanent hair loss. Not to mention the tissue that has been inserted has been under alot of stress (hypoxia et al)
Do I have any studies that show this? No... no research has been conducted on applying petroleum solvents on freshly transplanted hair grafts.... so this is speculative on my part but I would not expect good things to happen though.
Having said all that, hair grafts are pretty resilient so hopefully no permanent damage was done.
However, I think rubbing any kind of thick ointment immediately post op ( < 4 days) on the receiptent site seems to be a dangerous thing to do. If keeping the site moist is the objective, there are better ways to go about it... (e.g. copper peptide occlusive dressings etc...). Of course, neosporin on the donor suture is no problem at all (I did it myself, but used a "cream" based triple antibiotic - easier than the thick jelly formulation)
Myself - I sprayed graftocyte (copper peptide solution) on my receiptent and donor areas. Quite aggressively the 1st 3 days, actually. There is some science that it improves healing but most of it is based upon large wounds, not little slits.....so some folks question whether copper peptides treatments help much at all on receiptent areas.
Per my Dr instructions, I didn't touch my scalp in the 1st 4 days or so... then I gently washed it using a cup of water and baby shampoo.... did this until 10 days post op.... at which point I resumed somewhat normal shampooing.
Good luck and happy growing!